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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
【寻味中华】重庆火锅：涮得了山珍海味 烫得了边角碎料****** 中新社重庆1月24日电 题：重庆火锅：涮得了山珍海味 烫得了边角碎料 中新社记者 刘相琳 夜幕降临，重庆大街小巷中弥散着麻与辣的快感。一炉炉火锅渐次沸腾，翻滚的牛油，迸发出麻辣鲜香，令人欲罢不能。
火锅是重庆人聚会首选，几人围坐一口锅，毛肚的劲道，鸭肠的爽嫩，酥肉的香脆……觥筹交错间口腹之欲得到极大满足。“每天吃火锅遭不住(重庆话，意为受不了)，一周不吃也遭不住。”重庆人吴思这样评价。 重庆火锅协会会长陈国华说，重庆火锅有水派和陆派起源之说。普遍认为，清末民初，重庆是长江上游航运重镇，为了填饱肚子，船夫们常在江边随地搭起锅灶，用沿江两岸屠宰场丢弃的廉价动物内脏和牛油渣，拌上葱姜花椒等佐料一起下锅烫煮，这就是重庆火锅的雏形。
火锅匠人们总结出重庆火锅好吃的标准是“三水一堆”：吃了额头冒汗水；辣得流眼泪水；麻得流鼻涕水；桌上擦“三水”的纸用了“一堆”。 辣，不是重庆火锅的唯一标签。好吃的关键在香辛料之间复杂的配比。如今，重庆中心城区有超过3万家火锅店，外地人吃来大同小异，当地人却因底料的细微差别，分出“远近亲疏”。
重庆红汤火锅以味复合醇厚、重油重香著称。先将牛油放入旺火锅中熬化至170摄氏度左右，再倒入豆瓣、大蒜、大葱、生姜、香菜等，待熬成红油后再炒香，这是传统火锅底料的灵魂。 国家级中式烹调技能大师工作室创建人、知名火锅专家王文军说，正宗的重庆火锅底料，讲究麻、辣、鲜、香。牛油品质、原材料的选择配比、炒制的时长和温度，任何一个细节都可能成为影响味道的关键因素。 王文军说，辣椒让牛油增色去腥，豆瓣酱提鲜，大蒜增香，花椒增麻，佐料在热油中彼此融合。而醪糟则是不少火锅底料的秘密，酵母菌为锅底注入了生物驱动。匀速搅拌之下烟气升腾，两三个小时“寸步不离”的调制，冷却后再静待发酵7天，待各种原材料味道充分释放融合，才能成就饭桌上的麻辣鲜香。 把火锅分成九宫格，是重庆人的发明。中间格火大，要烫涮吃，东南西北四格，火温合适，不易煳锅，适合煮菜，四个边格，火力最小，适合焖煮食材。
煮菜顺序也有讲究，鲜鸭血和厚豆干要在没开火前进锅。底料烧开后，真正的老饕会先丢一把小葱和豆芽，滚上几十秒，将火锅的底味彻底唤醒。在东南西北四个横格中煮上老肉片和水滑肉等耐煮荤菜，中间格冒油泡时，才是烫菜的最好时机。 烫的核心不仅是熟，还要裹上油，让菜品吸味。鸭肠烫卷，毛肚烫泡，黄喉烫弯，腰片烫变色，多一分就老，少一分则不熟，烫涮之间菜盘已见底。 重庆火锅既涮得了山珍海味，也烫得了边角杂碎。鸭血、黄喉这些在其他菜系中被视为“鸡肋”的食材，却是重庆火锅最受欢迎的选择。而对脑花、牙梗等偏门食材的喜爱，更是将普通食客和老饕区分开来。 重庆火锅也正悄然发生变化。电子采购平台、机器炒底料、一次性锅底汤料的推广应用，用餐环境、调味技能等方面的改进，让纯正味道不会丢失，接受人群更广泛。 据重庆火锅协会统计，目前，小天鹅、德庄、刘一手等多家本土火锅企业，已累计在海外开店超600家，分布在20多个国家和地区的200多个城市。 夜色下重庆又开始沸腾，辣椒花椒“翻江倒海”，鸭肠毛肚“七上八下”的画面，依然不分季节地每天在这座城市里反复上演。(完)
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